Author:
Littmann, Carl
Category:
Research Papers
Sub-Category:
Relativity Theory
Language:
English
Date Published:
May 18, 2026
Downloads:
8
Keywords:
Einstein, Elevator, Equivalence, Thought-experiment, Photon, Particle, Beam, Bending
Abstract:
Gravity bends a light beam more than a particle beam. So, this article tells elevator occupants how to use that fact to detect whether the forces they feel are caused by a gravitational or non-gravitational acceleration. I.e., although that capability supposedly violates the ‘Equivalence principle’ of ‘General Relativity’. Einstein imagined “the experiences of occupants in a windowless chamber, in deep, isolated space” as it was ‘accelerated upward’ by a pulling. And claimed ‘Equivalent’ (identical) feelings and test results would arise for occupants in a non-moving elevator on our gravitational earth.[1] Yet, let us imagine that a photon and an ultra-high-speed particle are launched at the same time from an internal wall of an elevator; then they go through two adjacent pin-holes, and finally hit the opposite wall. But surprisingly, they do not hit the same spot - because the gravity bends photons twice as much as a particle beam.[2] So we discuss that violation of ‘Equivalence in Relativity’ and its broad implications, in this article.
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