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On the Invalidity of the Hawking-Penrose Singularity ‘Theorems’ and Acceleration of the Universe from Negative Cosmological Constant - vi

Author:

Crothers, Stephen J.

Category:

Research Papers

Sub-Category:

Astrophysics

Language:

English

Date Published:

June 7, 2013

File:

/Research Papers-Astrophysics/Download/4909

Downloads:

976

Keywords:

N/A

Abstract:

Hawking and Penrose proposed “A new theorem on spacetime singularities which largely incorporates and generalizes the previously known results” which they claimed “implies that space-time singularities are to be expected if either the universe is spatially closed or there is an ‘object’ undergoing relativistic gravitational collapse (existence of a trapped surface)” and that their ‘Theorem’ applies if four certain physical conditions are satisfied. Hartle, Hawking and Hertog have proposed a quantum state with wave function for the Universe which they assert “raises the possibility that even fundamental theories with a negative cosmological constant can be consistent with our low-energy observations of a classical, accelerating universe.”They also relate this concept to string cosmology. It is however proven in this paper that the Hawking-Penrose Singularity ‘Theorem’and accelerated expansion of the Universe with negative A are invalid because they are based upon demonstrably false foundations relating to Einstein’s field equations, trapped surfaces, and the cosmological constant.